Imbeba ni ubwoko bwimbeba.Hariho ubwoko burenga 450 bwubwoko bunini kandi buto.Hariho amoko arenga 450.Umubare ni munini kandi hari miliyari nyinshi.Yororoka vuba kandi ifite imbaraga zikomeye.Irashobora kurya hafi ya byose kandi iba ahantu hose.Nkurikije ibisobanuro by’isosiyete, mu gihugu cyanjye hari amoko arenga 170 y’imbeba, kandi mu majyepfo y’igihugu cyanjye hari amoko 33 y’inzoka.
Imbeba nimwe mubintu bine bisanzwe byamasosiyete agenzura imbeba.Buri gice, buri muryango cyangwa umuntu wese afite ikibazo cyukuntu imbeba zororoka imbeba.Imbeba nubuzima bwacu ntibishobora kuvugwa ko bidahagije bihagije!Imbeba ntabwo ziruma ibikoresho byacu gusa, kumira ibiryo byacu, ariko kandi bitwara mikorobe nyinshi, byoroshye gukwirakwizwa.Kuri twe abantu, niba hari ikintu munzu yawe yarumwe, umwanda wimbeba, ibimenyetso byimbeba, nibindi, noneho isosiyete igenzura imbeba irakubwira ko hagomba kubaho ibikorwa byimbeba.Usibye kurya no kwanduza ibiryo, imbeba zinyoza ibikoresho byo gupakira, ibikoresho, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo murugo.Dukurikije imibare yemewe, kimwe cya kane cy’umuriro udasobanutse mu ngo zishobora guterwa nimbeba ziruma insinga z'amashanyarazi.Imbeba ntabwo zigira ingaruka zikomeye kubuzima bwiza bwo murugo, zirashobora no guteza akaga gakomeye.
1. Ni izihe ngaruka nyamukuru z’imbeba:
1. Gukwirakwiza indwara:
Imbeba ni ibigega cyangwa ibice byindwara nyinshi.Birazwi ko ubwoko 57 bwindwara zanduza imbeba kubantu ari icyorezo, icyorezo cya hemorhagie epidemique, leptospira, tifusi, na tike yisubiramo.Imbeba zirashobora kwanduza abantu mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa zikwirakwira ku bantu no ku nyamaswa binyuze muri ectoparasite.Ubuzima bwafashwe n'indwara ziterwa n'inzoka mu mateka bugereranywa n'impuguke zirenze umubare w'abantu bapfuye mu ntambara zose zabayeho mu mateka.
Uburyo butatu bwo gukwirakwiza indwara:
1) Imbeba ectoparasite ikoreshwa nka vectori yanduza abantu indwara iyo barumye umubiri wumuntu bakonsa amaraso;
2) Imbeba zifite mikorobe zitera umubiri mu mibiri yazo zanduza ibiryo cyangwa amasoko y'amazi binyuze mu mbeba cyangwa umwanda, bigatera indwara z'abantu nyuma yo kurya;
3) Imbeba ziruma mu buryo butaziguye abantu cyangwa virusi zitera ihahamuka kandi zitera kwandura.
2. Kwangiza ubuzima bwurugo nubuhinzi:
Ingeso yo kuruma yimbeba yangiza insinga, kandi insinga za optique zitera ibikoresho guhagarika cyangwa kwangiza.20% byumuriro kwisi biterwa nimbeba.
2. Nigute ushobora gukuraho imbeba imaze kuboneka:
1. Kurwanya imbeba zangiza ibidukikije:
Imbeba zikenera amazi, ibiryo, hamwe nuburaro kugirango zibeho kandi zororoke.Kubwibyo, kurema ibidukikije bidakwiriye kubaho kugirango bigabanye cyane kugabanya umubare wimbeba ahantu hamwe kandi byoroshye guhuza ibisubizo byo kugenzura imbeba.Tugomba rero kubanza gukora akazi keza mu isuku y’ibidukikije, gukuraho ibyatsi bibi hamwe n’ibintu byegeranye ku nzu, kandi akenshi bigasukura isuku yo mu nzu no hanze.Ubwoko bwose bwibikoresho hamwe nizuba bigomba gusukurwa.Amavalisi, imyenda yo kwambara, ibitabo, inkweto n'ingofero bigomba kugenzurwa kenshi.Kora imbeba.
Kata ibiryo by'imbeba: Ibiryo by'imbeba ntabwo bikubiyemo ibiryo byabantu gusa, ahubwo birimo ibiryo, imyanda, ibisigara biva mu nganda zibiribwa, umwanda, nibindi. Ibi bintu bigomba kubikwa mubikoresho bitwikiriye nta cyuho, kugirango imbeba zidashobora kubona ibiryo.Kandi urye byoroshye kurya ibyambo byuburozi, kugirango ugere ku ntego yo gukuraho imbeba.
2. Uburyo bwa deratisation ya fiziki:
Bizwi kandi nkuburyo bwo gutandukanya ibikoresho, byakoreshejwe igihe kinini kandi bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gusaba.Ntabwo ikubiyemo gusa imitego itandukanye yimbeba zidasanzwe, nkimitego yimbeba nudusanduku, ariko ikubiyemo no gukanda, gufunga, gufunga, gufunga, guhindukira, kuzuza, gucukura, gufatira, no kurasa.Kugenzura umubiri no kugenzura imbeba nabyo byita kubumenyi na tekinoloji.Kurugero, akazu ka squirrel (clamp) kagomba gushyirwa kumunwa wumwobo wimbeba, kandi hagomba kubaho intera runaka nu mwobo wimbeba.Rimwe na rimwe, amashusho akoreshwa mu kongera umubare w'ubwicanyi;ibyambo ku kato k'igituba bigomba kuba bishya, Bikwiye kuba ibiryo imbeba zikunda kurya.Mubisanzwe, ntabwo byoroshye imbeba zijya mu gitebo mwijoro rya mbere kubera "ibintu bishya reaction", kandi igipimo cya basket kiziyongera nyuma yiminsi ibiri cyangwa itatu.
3. Kugenzura imiti yimiti:
Bizwi kandi nkuburyo bwo guta ibiyobyabwenge, nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane kandi bunoze bwo guta agaciro.Kurandura ibiyobyabwenge birashobora kugabanywa muburozi bwo munda no guta fumigation.Imbeba zo mu nda zikoreshwa nka rodentiside ahanini ni ibinyabuzima kama, bigakurikirwa n’ibintu kama kama n’ibimera byo mu gasozi hamwe n’ibikomokaho.Indwara ya Gastrointestinal irasabwa kugira uburyohe bwimbeba, ntizanga kurya, kandi zifite virusi zihagije.Ibinyobwa bitandukanye byuburozi bikozwe muri byo, hamwe ningaruka nziza, imikoreshereze yoroshye hamwe na dosiye nini.Bikurikiranye namazi yuburozi, ifu yuburozi, kole yuburozi, ifuro yuburozi nibindi.Fumigation na deratisation, nka fosifide ya aluminium na chloropicrine irashobora gukoreshwa muguhumeka no gutesha agaciro mububiko nubwato.
4. Uburyo bwo kugenzura ibinyabuzima:
Harimo ibintu bibiri: kimwe ni ugukoresha abanzi karemano kwica imbeba.Hariho abanzi benshi basanzwe b'inzoka, cyane cyane inyamaswa nto zirya inyamanswa nka ferrets z'umuhondo, injangwe zo mu gasozi, injangwe zo mu rugo, imbwebwe, n'ibindi, inyoni zihiga nka kagoma, ibihunyira, n'ibindi, n'inzoka..Kubwibyo, kurinda izo nzoka abanzi karemano ni ingirakamaro mu kugabanya ibyangiritse.
5. Kurwanya imbeba zangiza ibidukikije:
Ni ukuvuga, mugutezimbere ibidukikije, harimo inyubako zidafite inzoka, guca ibiryo byinzoka, kuvugurura imirima yimirima, kunoza isuku y’ibidukikije no hanze, gukuraho inzoka zihishe, nibindi, ni ukuvuga kugenzura, kuvugurura, no kwangiza ibidukikije n’imiterere yabyo bifasha kubaho kwimbeba.Kugira ngo imbeba zidashobora kubaho no kororoka aho hantu.Kurwanya imbeba yibidukikije nigice cyingenzi cyane cyo kugenzura imbeba.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-03-2021